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Metric Results

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

The following document contains the results of a JDepend metric analysis. The various metrics are defined at the bottom of this document.

Summary

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

Package TC CC AC Ca Ce A I D V
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication 2 2 0 2 26 0.0% 93.0% 7.0% 1
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business 16 13 3 5 20 19.0% 80.0% 1.0% 1
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key 4 3 1 2 5 25.0% 71.0% 4.0% 1
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.parameter 3 2 1 3 6 33.0% 67.0% 0.0% 1
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service 11 9 2 6 39 18.0% 87.0% 5.0% 1
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.key 2 1 1 1 7 50.0% 88.0% 38.0% 1
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter 2 1 1 4 9 50.0% 69.0% 19.0% 1
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security 2 1 1 2 6 50.0% 75.0% 25.0% 1
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.workflow 2 2 0 0 11 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 1
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web 5 5 0 3 50 0.0% 94.0% 6.0% 1

Packages

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
2 26 0.0% 93.0% 7.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.BaseAuthentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.BaseUser
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.authentication.logs
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.util
fr.paris.lutece.portal.business.template
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.i18n
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.mail
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.plugin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.security
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.spring
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.template
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.util
fr.paris.lutece.util
fr.paris.lutece.util.html
java.lang
java.sql
java.util
javax.security.auth.login
javax.servlet.http
org.apache.commons.lang

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
5 20 19.0% 80.0% 1.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.IAttributeMappingDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.IMyluteceDirectoryDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.IMyluteceDirectoryUserDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.AttributeMapping
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.AttributeMappingDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.AttributeMappingEntryRemovalListener
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.AttributeMappingHome
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.MyluteceDirectoryDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.MyluteceDirectoryDirectoryRemovalListener
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.MyluteceDirectoryHome
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.MyluteceDirectoryUser
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.MyluteceDirectoryUserDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.MyluteceDirectoryUserFieldListener
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.MyluteceDirectoryUserHome
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.MyluteceDirectoryUserRecordRemovalListener
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.MyluteceDirectoryUserRoleRemovalListener
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.service.record
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.business.attribute
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.service
fr.paris.lutece.portal.business.user
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.i18n
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.plugin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.security
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.spring
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.util
fr.paris.lutece.util.sql
java.lang
java.sql
java.text
java.util
javax.servlet.http
org.apache.commons.lang

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
2 5 25.0% 71.0% 4.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key.IMyluteceDirectoryUserKeyDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key.MyluteceDirectoryUserKey
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key.MyluteceDirectoryUserKeyDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key.MyluteceDirectoryUserKeyHome
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.key
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.plugin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.spring
fr.paris.lutece.util.sql
java.lang

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.parameter

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
3 6 33.0% 67.0% 0.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.parameter.IMyluteceDirectoryParameterDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.parameter.MyluteceDirectoryParameterDAO
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.parameter.MyluteceDirectoryParameterHome
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.plugin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.spring
fr.paris.lutece.util
fr.paris.lutece.util.sql
java.lang
org.apache.commons.lang

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
6 39 18.0% 87.0% 5.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.IAttributeMappingService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.IMyluteceDirectoryService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.AttributeMappingService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.MyluteceDirectoryAccountLifeTimeDaemon
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.MyluteceDirectoryAccountLifeTimeService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.MyluteceDirectoryAnonymizationDaemon
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.MyluteceDirectoryAnonymizationService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.MyluteceDirectoryPlugin
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.MyluteceDirectoryResourceIdService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.MyluteceDirectoryService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.MyluteceDirectoryUserFieldListenerService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.workflow
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.service.record
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.utils
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.business.attribute
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.service.attribute
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.util
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.workflowcore.business.action
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.workflowcore.service.action
fr.paris.lutece.portal.business.rbac
fr.paris.lutece.portal.business.user
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.admin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.i18n
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.mail
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.plugin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.rbac
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.role
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.security
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.spring
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.template
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.util
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.workgroup
fr.paris.lutece.util
fr.paris.lutece.util.html
fr.paris.lutece.util.password
fr.paris.lutece.util.url
java.lang
java.sql
java.text
java.util
javax.servlet.http
org.apache.commons.lang

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.key

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
1 7 50.0% 88.0% 38.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.key.IMyluteceDirectoryUserKeyService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.key.MyluteceDirectoryUserKeyService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.util
fr.paris.lutece.util.url
java.lang
java.util
javax.servlet.http

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
4 9 50.0% 69.0% 19.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter.IMyluteceDirectoryParameterService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter.MyluteceDirectoryParameterService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.service
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.plugin
fr.paris.lutece.util
java.lang
java.sql
java.util
org.apache.commons.lang

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
2 6 50.0% 75.0% 25.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security.IMyluteceDirectorySecurityService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security.MyluteceDirectorySecurityService
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.util
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.plugin
java.lang

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.workflow

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 11 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.workflow.TaskDisableMyluteceDirectoryAccount
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.workflow.TaskEnableMyluteceDirectoryAccount
None fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.workflowcore.business.resource
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.workflowcore.service.resource
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.workflowcore.service.task
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.plugin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.spring
java.lang
java.util
javax.servlet.http
org.apache.commons.lang

fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
3 50 0.0% 94.0% 6.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web.FormErrors
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web.MyLuteceDirectoryApp
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web.MyluteceDirectoryAdminDashboardComponent
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web.MyluteceDirectoryJspBean
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web.MyluteceDirectoryUserJspBean
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.key
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.service.directorysearch
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.service.record
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.directory.utils
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.business.attribute
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.key
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.service.attribute
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.util
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.workflowcore.business.action
fr.paris.lutece.portal.business.rbac
fr.paris.lutece.portal.business.role
fr.paris.lutece.portal.business.user
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.admin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.captcha
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.dashboard.admin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.i18n
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.mail
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.message
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.plugin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.rbac
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.security
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.spring
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.template
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.util
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.workflow
fr.paris.lutece.portal.service.workgroup
fr.paris.lutece.portal.web.admin
fr.paris.lutece.portal.web.constants
fr.paris.lutece.portal.web.util
fr.paris.lutece.portal.web.xpages
fr.paris.lutece.util
fr.paris.lutece.util.date
fr.paris.lutece.util.html
fr.paris.lutece.util.password
fr.paris.lutece.util.string
fr.paris.lutece.util.url
java.io
java.lang
java.lang.reflect
java.sql
java.util
javax.servlet.http
org.apache.commons.lang

Cycles

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

Package Package Dependencies
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.key fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business.key
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.security fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.parameter
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service.workflow fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.web fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.business
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication
fr.paris.lutece.plugins.mylutece.modules.directory.authentication.service

Explanation

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

The following explanations are for quick reference and are lifted directly from the original JDepend documentation.

Term Description
Number of Classes The number of concrete and abstract classes (and interfaces) in the package is an indicator of the extensibility of the package.
Afferent Couplings The number of other packages that depend upon classes within the package is an indicator of the package's responsibility.
Efferent Couplings The number of other packages that the classes in the package depend upon is an indicator of the package's independence.
Abstractness The ratio of the number of abstract classes (and interfaces) in the analyzed package to the total number of classes in the analyzed package. The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with A=0 indicating a completely concrete package and A=1 indicating a completely abstract package.
Instability The ratio of efferent coupling (Ce) to total coupling (Ce / (Ce + Ca)). This metric is an indicator of the package's resilience to change. The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with I=0 indicating a completely stable package and I=1 indicating a completely instable package.
Distance The perpendicular distance of a package from the idealized line A + I = 1. This metric is an indicator of the package's balance between abstractness and stability. A package squarely on the main sequence is optimally balanced with respect to its abstractness and stability. Ideal packages are either completely abstract and stable (x=0, y=1) or completely concrete and instable (x=1, y=0). The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with D=0 indicating a package that is coincident with the main sequence and D=1 indicating a package that is as far from the main sequence as possible.
Cycles Packages participating in a package dependency cycle are in a deadly embrace with respect to reusability and their release cycle. Package dependency cycles can be easily identified by reviewing the textual reports of dependency cycles. Once these dependency cycles have been identified with JDepend, they can be broken by employing various object-oriented techniques.